Question
How are polymers classified on the basis of mode of polymerization?###Write the classification of polymers based on mode of polymerization.
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Answer
There are three modes of polymerization depending upon the types of reactions taking place between the monomers.
- Addition polymerization (or chain growth polymerization)
- Condensation polymerization (or step growth polymerization)
- Ring opening polymerization
- Addition polymerization or chain growth polymerization : It is a process of polymers by the repeated addition of a large number of monomers is called addition polymerization (like alkenes) without loss of any small molecules.
Example : Formation of polyethylene from ethylene is well known example of addition polymerization. It is a chain growth polymerization. - Condensation polymerization or step growth polymerization : The process of formation of polymers from polyfunctional monomers with the elimination of some small molecules such as water, hydrochloric acid, methanol, ammonia is called condensation polymerization.
Example : The formation of terylene, a polyester polymer, from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. Condensation polymerization is a step growth polymerization. - Ring opening polymerization : The process of formation of polymers from cyclic compounds (like lactams, cyclic ethers, etc.) by ring opening is called ring opening polymerization.
Example : Polymerization of e-caprolactam.
Ring opening polymerization proceeds by addition of a single monomer unit to the growing chain molecules. It is a step growth polymerization.
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