Elements of Group 13, 14 and 15 — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question
Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryElements of Group 13, 14 and 153 Marks
Question
How can you explain the higher stability of $BCl_3$ as compared to $TlCl_3$?
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Answer
Boron is a light element in group $13$ and has outermost electronic configuration $2s^2 2p^1$ whereas thallium is a heavy element in group $13$ and has outermost electronic configuration $6s^2 6p^1.$
Because of its small ionic radius, boron forms stable compounds in $+3$ oxidation state.
Thallium has a large atomic size and due to the inert pair effect forms more stable compounds with lower oxidation state $+1$ than compounds with $+3$ oxidation state.
Therefore, $BCl_3$ has higher stability than $TlCl_3.$
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