The Non-Cooperation Movement was started in January 1921. Various social groups participated in this movement.
In towns –
Middle class was the main social group which participated in the Non-Cooperation movement. Students left government-controlled schools and colleges for swadeshi institutes, teaching staff resigned, and lawyers gave up their legal practices. The council elections were boycotted in most of the provinces.
In countryside –
In countryside panchayats boycotted landlords by initiating nai–dhobi bandhs.
Properties of talukdars and merchants were attacked, bazaars were looted, and grain hoards were taken over.
In the tribal area of Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh, a militant guerrilla movement was started during 1920’s.
In plantations –
Groups working in the plantation defied the authorities as they were thinking that Gandhiji would be coming to rescue them.