Question
How is an ion different from an atom? How is cation different from anion?
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Answer
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BASIS FOR COMPARISON
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CATION
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ANION
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Meaning
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An atom or molecule having more number of protons than electrons and are positively charged is called cation.
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An atom or molecule having more number of electrons than protons and are negatively charged is called anion.
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Charge
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These are positively charged.
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These are negatively charged.
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Formed of
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Cation are formed from metal atoms.
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Anion are formed from non-metals atoms.
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Compounds formed
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Cation combine with the anions to form the ionic bonds.
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Anion combine with the cations to form the ionic bonds.
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Electrolysis
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Cation always move towards the cathode, which produces the negative charge.
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Anion always move towards the anode, which produces the positive charge.
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Examples
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Iron $(Fe2+)$, Sodium $(Na+)$, Lead $(Pb2+)$.
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Fluoride $(F-)$, Bromide $(Br-)$, Iodide $(I-)$, Nitride $(N3-)$ and Hydride $(H-)$.
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