Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acid — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

Explain the products obtained from electrolysis of aqueous solution of sodium chloride on the basis of electrode potential values.

Write a note on acidity of alcohols.

State reasons for the following:

1. pK_b value for aniline is more than that for methylamine.
2. Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not soluble in water.
3. Primary amines have higher boiling points than tertiary amines.

The following results have been obtained during the kinetic studies of the reaction.
2A + BC → D

Experiment	[A]/mol L-1	[B]/mol L-1	Initial rate of formation of D/mol L-1 min-1
I	0.1	0.1	6.0 x 10-3
II	0.3	0.2	7.2 x 10-2
III	0.3	0.4	2.88 × 10-1
IV	0.4	0.1	2.40 x 10-2

Determine the rate law and the rate constant for the reaction.

A decimolar solution of potassium ferrocyanide is 50% dissociated at 300K. Calculate the osmotic pressure of the solution. (R = 8.314J K^-1 mol^-1).

Give reasons for the following:

1. Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar masses of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.
2. Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.
3. Elevation of boiling point of 1M KCl solution is nearly double than that of 1M sugar solution.

A certain reaction is 50% complete in 20 minutes at 300K and the same reaction is again 50% complete in 5 minutes at 350K. Calculate the activation energy if it is a first order reaction.
[R = 8.314 J K^–1 mol^–1 ; log 4 = 0.602]

Write reactions to obtain acetic acid from ethanenitrile, acetyl chloride and ethyl ethonoate.