Elements of Groups 16, 17 and 18 — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question
Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistryElements of Groups 16, 17 and 182 Marks
Question
How is chlorine manufactured by the electrolytic process?
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Answer
On a large scale chlorine is obtained by an electrolytic process.
The electrolyte is brine, a concentrated solution of NaCl.
Nelson’s two compartments diaphragm cell is used for electrolysis in which stout graphite rod is used as an anode while U shaped steel vessel is used as a cathode.
Reactions : $\begin{aligned} & NaCl \rightarrow Na ^{+}+ Cl ^{-} \\ & H _2 O \rightleftharpoons H ^{+}+ OHAt \text { cathode : } \\ & 2 H _2 O +2 e ^{-} \rightarrow H _2+2 HH ^{-} \\ & Na ^{+}+ OH ^{-} \rightarrow NaOHAt \text { anode : } \\ & 2 Cl \rightarrow 2 Cl +2 e ^{-} \\ & 2 Cl \rightarrow Cl _{2( g )}\end{aligned}$
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