3 Marks Each

Question

How is knowledge level assessed for developing HDI?

Vidyadip · Accepted Answer

Determinants of Human Development Index:

To keep things simple, $HDI$ is prepared using three factors namely,
$(1)$ Life expectancy,
$(2)$ Education and
$(3)$ Income.
Life expectancy refers to the expected number of years a child will live at the time of birth, data on education depicts social achievements whereas income data depicts the standard of living.
Note that while calculating $HDI$ instead of considering absolute values, average of all the three values is measured.

HDI
Life Expectancy	Knowledge (Literacy or Education)	Standard of living (Per capita Income)
It is measured on the basis of the expected number of years a child will live at the time of birth. If it is less than $50$ years, that country is said to be deficient in health. Higher the life expectancy better the $HDI.$	To know the quantum of knowledge adult literacy in percent is calculated. Literacy is estimated among people. in the age group $15$ years and above. Two aspects are included in this. They are: $(A)$ Actual number of years of schooling and $(B)$ Expected number of years of schooling. The gap between expected and actual number of years of schooling is taken to derive the value of this index.	Standard of living refers to the availability of pure drinking water, medical services, good sanitation, infant mortality rate percentage of undernourished and malnourished children, per capita calorie availability per day, mortality rate of infants below $5$ years of age, protein and fat availability, etc. These factors depend on income. Hence, good standard of living is measured on the basis of income. Income index is measured on the basis of per capita gross national income at $PPP.$

Answer