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Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistrySome Basic Concepts of Chemistry1 Mark
MCQ
How many grams of concentrated nitric acid solution should be used to prepare $250\ mL$ of $\ce{2.0M  HNO_3}?$ The concentrated acid is $70\%\ \ce{HNO_3}$.
  • ✓
    $45.0g$ conc. $\ce{HNO_3}$
  • B
    $90.0g$ conc. $\ce{HNO_3}$
  • C
    $70.0g$ conc. $\ce{HNO_3}$
  • D
    $54.0g$ conc. $\ce{HNO_3}$
✓

Answer

Correct option: A.
$45.0g$ conc. $\ce{HNO_3}$
$\because$ Molarity
$=\frac{\text{Weight of HNO}_3}{\text{Molecular mass of HNO}_3\times\text{Volume of solution (in L)}}$
$\therefore$ Weight of $\ce{HNO_3}$
$=$ Molarity $\times$ Molecular mass Volume $($in $L)$
$= 2 \times 63\times\frac{1}{4} = 31.5\text{g}$
It is the weight of $100\%\ \ce{HNO_3}$
But the given acid is $70\%\ \ce{HNO_3}$
$\therefore$ Its weight $= 31.5\times\frac{100}{70}\text{g} = 45\text{g}.$

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