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Higher Order Derivatives — Maths STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceMathsHigher Order Derivatives5 Marks
Question
If $\text{x}=\text{a}\sin\text{t}-\text{b}\cos\text{t},\text{y}=\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t},$ Prove that $\frac{\text{d}^2\text{y}}{\text{dx}^2}=-\frac{\text{x}^2+\text{y}^2}{\text{y}^2}$
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Answer

We have$\text{x}=\text{a}\sin\text{t}-\text{b}\cos\text{t},\text{y}=\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t},$
On differentiating with respect to t, we get
$\frac{\text{dx}}{\text{dt}}=\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dt}}(\text{a}\sin\text{t}-\text{b}\cos\text{t})=\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t}$
and
$\frac{\text{dy}}{\text{dt}}=\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dt}}(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})=-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t}$
$\Big(\frac{\text{dy}}{\text{dx}}\Big)=\frac{\frac{\text{dy}}{\text{dt}}}{\frac{\text{dx}}{\text{dt}}}=\frac{-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t}}{\text{a}\cos+\text{b}\sin\text{t}}$
Therefore
$\frac{\text{d}^2\text{y}}{\text{dx}^2}=\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dx}}\Big(\frac{\text{dy}}{\text{dx}}\Big)=\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dx}}\Big(\frac{-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t}}{\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t}}\Big)$
$=\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dt}}\Big(\frac{-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t}}{\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t}}\Big)\times\frac{\text{dt}}{\text{dx}}$
$=\frac{(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dt}}(-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t})-(-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t})\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dt}}(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})}{(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})^2}$
$$$=\frac{(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})(-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t})-(-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t})}{(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})^2}$
$=\frac{-(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})^2-(-\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t})^2}{(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})}$
$=\frac{-(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})^2-(\text{a}\sin\text{t}+\text{b}\cos\text{t})^2}{(\text{a}\cos\text{t}+\text{b}\sin\text{t})}$
$=\frac{-\text{y}^2-\text{x}^2}{\text{y}^3}$

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