Question
If the equation $\left(1+m^2\right) x^2+2 m c x+\left(c^2-a^2\right)=0$ has equal roots, prove that $c^2=a^2\left(1+m^2\right)$.

Answer

Given:
$\left(1+m^2\right) x^2+2 m c x+\left(c^2-a^2\right)=0$
Here,
$a=\left(1+m^2\right), b=2 m c \text { and } c=\left(c^2-a^2\right)$
It is given that the roots of the equation are equal; therefore, we have:
$D=0$
$\Rightarrow\left(b^2-4 a c\right)=0$
$\Rightarrow(2 m c)^2-4 \times\left(1+m^2\right) \times\left(c^2-a^2\right)=0$
$\Rightarrow 4 m^2 c^2-4\left(c^2-a^2+m^2 c^2-m^2 a^2\right)=0$
$\Rightarrow 4 m^2 c^2-4 c^2+4 a^2-4 m^2 c^2+4 m^2 a^2=0$
$\Rightarrow-4 c^2+4 a^2+4 m^2 a^2=0$
$\Rightarrow a^2+m^2 a^2=c^2$
$\Rightarrow a^2\left(1+m^2\right)=c^2$
$\Rightarrow c^2=a^2\left(1+m^2\right)$
Hence proved.

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