Production of Food and its Management — BIOLOGY STD 8 — Question
ICSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 8BIOLOGYProduction of Food and its Management4 Marks
Question
List five ways in which fungi help mankind.
✓
Answer
$a.$ They are nature’s scavengers. They decompose the dead, decaying bodies of plants and animals and their waste products. This also helps in making the soil fertile.
$b.$ Morels and some mushrooms are enjoyed as palatable food.
$c.$ Yeast is used in the production of wine and bakery products. For baking bread, yeast along with a little sugar is mixed with Hour to make dough. The dough is kept in a warm place. The yeast uses the sugar present in the dough as food. During this process of breaking down of sugar, carbon dioxide and alcohol are formed and they make the dough rise. When the bread is baked, alcohol and carbon dioxide escape from the loaf making it light and fluffy.
$d.$ Idli and dosa are made from a mixture of ground dal and rice. After a few hours the mixture rises and becomes light, fluffy and sour. This is because of the action of bacteria.
$e.$ Yeast is also used for manufacturing vitamins. Penicillin, an antibiotic is obtained from Penicillium which is effective in destroying many kinds of disease-causing bacteria.
$f.$ Alcohol and alcoholic drinks are produced by a process called fermentation of cereals by yeast. Wine is prepared by fermentation of grapes, and beer by fermentation of barley.
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