Heredity and Evolution — Science STD 10 — Question

Four modes of asexual reproduction are:-

1. Binary Fission: In binary fission, a single cell divides into two halves. Some of the organisms that divide by binary fission are bacteria and Amoeba.
2. Budding: It involves the formation of a new individual from a protrusion called a bud. It is very common in plants, yeasts and lower level animals such as Hydra.

In Hydra, cells divide rapidly at a specific site and develop as an outgrowth called a bud. This bud, while attached to the parent plant, develops into a small individual. When this individual becomes large enough, it detaches itself from the parent body to exist independently.

3. Multiple Fission: In multiple fission, a single cell divides into many daughter cells simultaneously, for example, Plasmodium.
4. Fragmentation: Fragmentation is the unintentional cutting up of the body of an organism in which each part grows into a different organism. It is most commonly seen in some annelids and fungi.