$n$ identical cells each of $e.m.f.$ $E$ and internal resistance $r$ are connected in series. An external resistance $R$ is connected in series to this combination. The current through $R$ is
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Total $e.m.f. = nE$,
Total resistance $R + nr$
$ \Rightarrow $ $i = \frac{{nE}}{{R + nr}}$
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