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Elements of Group 1 and 2 — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryElements of Group 1 and 23 Marks
Question
NaCl is an ionic compound but $LiCl$ has some covalent character, explain.
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Answer

$Li^+$ ion has very small size and therefore, the charge density on $Li^+$ is high.
Due to this, it has high tendency to distort the electron cloud around the negatively charged chloride ion $(Cl^–)$ which is larger in size.
This results in partial covalent character of the $LiCl$ bond.
$Na^+$ ion cannot distort the electron cloud of $Cl^–$ due to the bigger size of $Na^+$ compared to $Li^+$.
Hence, $NaCl$ is an ionic compound but $LiCl$ has some covalent character.

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