Notice how in a comic book, there are no speech marks when charac…

CITATION
MAJOR PADMAPANI ACHARYA (IC-55072)
2 RAJPUTANA RIFLES (POSTHUMOUS)

On 28 June 1999, Major Padmapani Acharya as a Company Commander. was assigned the formidable task of capturing an enemy position which was heavily fortified, strongly held and covered with mines and sweeping machine gun and artillery fire.
Success of the battalion and brigade operation hinged on the early capture of this position. However, the company attack almost faltered at the very beginning when the enemy's artillery fire came down squarely on the leading platoon, inflicting large number of casualties.
With utter disregard to his personal safety, Major Padmapani Acharya took the reserve platoon of his company and led it through raining artillery shells. Even as his men were falling to the murderous enemy fire, he continued to encourage his men and charged at the enemy up the steep rock face with his reserve platoon.
Questions:
Q.1. What does the word 'posthumous' in the brackets suggest?
Q.2. What was the status of Major Padmapani Acharya in the Indian Armed Force? Which battalion did he belong to?
Q.3. How was the enemy position that Major Padmapani Acharya was supposed to capture?
Q.4. What formidable task did Major Padmapani perform against the enemy?

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One of the peculiarities of cricket is that a Test match can go on for five days and still end in a draw. No other modern team sport takes even half as much time to complete. A football match is generally over s in an hour-and-a-half. Even baseball completes nine innings in less than half the time that it takes to play a limited-overs match, the s shortened version of modern cricket!Another curious characteristic of cricket is that the length of the pitch is specified$-22$ yards-but the size or shape of the ground is not. Most other team sports such as hockey and football lay down the dimensions of the playing area. Cricket does not. Grounds can be oval like the Adelaide Oval or nearly circular, like Chepauk in Chennai. A six at the Melbourne Cricket Ground needs to clear much more ground than it does at Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi.
Questions:
$(1)$ Why have test matches lost their charm?
$(2)$ What is a shortened version of modem cricket?
$(3)$ What is another curious characteristic of cricket ?
$(4)$ What kind of grounds are usually found in the game of cricket?

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“But- Maya, Mr Mehta told us he doesn’t work anywhere, so how can he possibly have money to pay for food?” Nishad said.
“Exactly!” I exclaimed. “He must have lots
of money hidden somewhere, maybe in that trunk in his room. It’s probably full of silver and gold and jewels and…”
“What rubbish,” Nishad interrupted.
“I know I’m right, stupid,” I told him. “By the way, Seven, did you see his scars? I couldn’t, it was too dark, but I bet he got them during a shoot-out with the police or something.”
“Mummy told us quite clearly they were burn scars,” Nishad said firmly.
Questions :
$(1)$ What doubt does Nishad raise about Nath’s paying for food?
$(2)$ What does Nishad term as ’rubbish’?
$(3)$ What is Maya’s guess about the scars on Nath’s face?

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The shop had a certain quiet distinction. There was no sign upon it other than the name of Gessler Brothers and in the window a few pairs of boots. He made only what was ordered, and what he made never failed to fit. To make boots – such boots as he made – seemed to me then, and still seems to me, mysterious and wonderful. I remember well my shy remarks, one day while stretching out to him my youthful foot. “Isn’t it awfully hard to do, Mr Gessler ?” And his answer, given with a sudden smile i- from out of the redness of his beard: “Id is an art!”
Questions:
$(1)$ Pick out the sentence that shows ‘the shop was different.
$(2)$ What kind of boots, according to the j; writer, did Gessler brothers make?
$(3)$ At what stage of life did the writer visit the boot shop of Gessler brothers?

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The music master came out of the house and took an unappreciative look at the three of them sitting quietly under the tree, playing marbles. Then he searched for his chappals in the verandah, where he had put them? “Lalli!” he called, after a few moments.She hurried up to him. “Have you seen my chappals, my dear? I remember having kept them here !” Ravi, Mridu and Meena silently watched Lalli and the music-master search every corner of the verandah. He scurried around, looking over the railing and crouching near the flower pots to look between them. “Brand new, they were! I went all the way to Mount Road to buy them !” he went on saying. “They cost a whole month’s fees, do you know?”
Questions:
$(1)$ Why did the music master take ‘an unappreciative look’?
$(2)$ Why did the music-master call, Lalli?
$(3)$ How costly were the chappals of the music-master, according to him?

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During the $1760s$ and $1770s$ it became common to pitch the ball through the air rather than roll it along the ground. The changes bowlers the options of length, deception through the air. Plus increan pace. It also opened new possibilities for spin and swing in respon batsmen had to master timing and shot selection. One immediate res was the replacement of the curved bat with the straight one. The width of the ball was limited to between $5$ to $5$ ounces, and the width of the bat to four inches in $1774,$ the first leg-before law was published. Also around this time, a third stump became common. By $1780,$ thr. days had become the length of a major match, and this year also saw the creation of the first six-seam cricket ball.)
Questions :
$(1)$ What was the practice of bowling before $1760 ?$
$( 2 )$ How did the change in bowling facilitate bowlers $?$
$(3)$ What changes in the shapes of bat and ball came over $($during the $1760s$ and $1770s?)$
$(4)$ What changes were introduced in cricket by the $1780s ? $

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“Ah !” he said, “Poor old man starved himself. Slow starvation, the doctor called it! You see he went to work in such a way! Would keep the shop on; wouldn’t have a soul touch his boots except himself. When he got an order, it took him such a time. People won’t wait. He lost everybody. And there he’d sit, going on and on. I will say that for him-not a man in London made a better boot. But look at the competition! He never advertised! Would have the best leather too, and do it all himself. Well, there it is. What could you expect with his ideas ?’’
“But starvation!”
“That may be a bit Lowery, as the saying is-but I know myself he was sitting over his boots day and night, to the very last you see, I used to watch him. Never gave
himself time to eat; never had a penny in the house. All went in rent and leather. How he lived so long I don’t know. He regularly let his fire go out. He was a character. But he made good boots.”
‘“Yes,” I said, “he made good boots.”
Questions ;
$(1)$ What reason did the doctor give about Mr Gessler’s death?
$(2)$ Why did Mr Gessler lose his business?
$(3)$ How dedicated was Mr Gessler to his work?

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Notice how in a comic book, there are no speech marks when characters talk. Instead what they say is put in a speech ‘bubble’. However, if we wish to repeat or ‘report’ what they say, we must put it into; reported speech. Change the following sentences in the story to reported speech. The first one has been done for you.
$(1)$ How much did you pay for that Hilsa?
$(2)$ Why is your face half-shaven? Gopal’s wife asked him
$(3)$ I accept the challenge, Your Majesty Gopal told the king

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$\text{STOP IT!}$
$\text{ARE YOU A COURTIER OP A FISHERMAN ?}$
$\text{(THE COURTIER FELL SILENT WITH DOWNCAST EYES, THE KING FELT GUILTY)}$
$\text{I'M SORRY I LOST MY TEMPER. IT IS THE SEASON FOR HILSA-FISH AND NO ONE....}$

Questions :
$1)$ Why is he feeling sorry?
$2)$ What is the speaker asking to be stopped?
$3)$ What did the speaker want?
$4)$ Find a word from the above lines is synonym of ‘anger’.

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The beggar opened his eyes very wide and gazed at each of the children one by one. “The ladies of this house,” he said, at last, in a voice choked with feeling, “are very kind souls. I have kept my body and soul together on their generosity for a whole week. I cannot believe that they would turn me away.” He raised his voice. “Amma! Amma-oh!” Sad his wail might be, but it certainly wasn’t feeble. It began in a deep, strong rumble somewhere in his withered belly and came booming out of his mouth, with its few remaining teeth stained brown with betel-chewing.“Ravi, tell him there’s nothing left in the kitchen!” called Rukku Manni. “And he’s not to come again – tell him that!” She sounded fed up.
Questions:
$(1)$ Give another expression for ’are very kind souls’.
$(2)$ ‘I have kept my body and soul together’ means… (Complete the meaning.)
$(3)$ What do the words ’withered belly’ indicate?

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