Question
Out of Na and Mg, which has higher second ionisation energy?

Answer

Electronic configuration of Na and Mg are $\mathrm{Na}=1 \mathrm{s}^2, 2 \mathrm{s}^2, 2 \mathrm{p}^6, 3 \mathrm{s}^1$ and $1 \mathrm{s}^2, 2 \mathrm{s}^2, 2 \mathrm{p}^6, 3 \mathrm{s}^2$.
Second ionisation energy of Na is higher of because it acquires nearest noble gas configuration after losing one electron and second electron is to be removed from the noble gas configuration.

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