Ecosystems and Energy Flow — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question
Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYEcosystems and Energy Flow5 Marks
Question
Pond as a small ecosystem.
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Answer
For every ecosystem there are four important functional aspects viz. productivity, decomposition, nutrient cycling and energy flow.
In a small pond ecosystem, too, there are complex interactions.
Pond is a shallow water body in which all the above four basic processes of an ecosystem are observed.
The abiotic component is water along with dissolved inorganic and organic substances and rich soil deposit at the bottom of the pond.
The sunlight acts as a source of solar energy, the cycle of temperature, day-length and other climatic conditions regulate the rate of function of the entire pond.
Phytoplankton are the main producers along with algae and other aquatic plants.
Zooplankton, aquatic insects and fish are the consumers.
The decomposers are the fungi and bacteria present in the bottom soil.
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