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(a). Give reasons for the following:
(i)The reaction of ethanol with acetyl chloride is carried out in the presence of pyridine.
(ii) Cresols are less acidic than phenol.
(b). Williamson's process is used for the preparation of ethers from alkyl halide. Identify the alkyl bromide and sodium alkoxide used for the preparation of 2- Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
(c). Convert:
(i) Toluene to 3-nitrobenzoic acid.
(ii) Benzene to m-nitroacetophenone.
(i)The reaction of ethanol with acetyl chloride is carried out in the presence of pyridine.
(ii) Cresols are less acidic than phenol.
(b). Williamson's process is used for the preparation of ethers from alkyl halide. Identify the alkyl bromide and sodium alkoxide used for the preparation of 2- Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
(c). Convert:
(i) Toluene to 3-nitrobenzoic acid.
(ii) Benzene to m-nitroacetophenone.
Differentiate between DNA and RNA.
Two elements A and B form compounds having formula AB2 and AB4. When dissolved in 20 g of benzene $\left( C _6 H _6\right), 1 g$ of $AB _2$ lowers the freezing point by 2.3 K whereas 1.0 g of AB4 lowers it by 1.3 K. The molar depression constant for benzene is 5.1 K kg mol-1. Calculate atomic masses of A and B.
→The activation energy of a reaction is 75.2kJ mol-1 in the absence of a catalyst and it lowers to 50.14kJ mol-1with a catalyst. How many times will the rate of reaction grow in the presence of a catalyst if the reaction proceeds at 25°C?
Derive a formula to determine the molar mass of a solute by depression of freezing point.
(a). Out of formic acid and acetic acid, which one will give the HVZ reaction? Give a suitable reason in support of your answer and write the chemical reaction involved.
(b). Alcohols are acidic but they are weaker acids than water. Arrange various isomers of butanol in the increasing order of their acidic nature. Give a reason for the same.
(c). An organic compound A which is a Grignard reagent is used to obtain 2-methylbutan-2-ol on reaction with a carbonyl compound 'B'. Identify A' and 'B'. Write the equation for the reaction between A and B.
(b). Alcohols are acidic but they are weaker acids than water. Arrange various isomers of butanol in the increasing order of their acidic nature. Give a reason for the same.
(c). An organic compound A which is a Grignard reagent is used to obtain 2-methylbutan-2-ol on reaction with a carbonyl compound 'B'. Identify A' and 'B'. Write the equation for the reaction between A and B.
Complete the following reactions :
(i) $C _6 H _5 NH _2+ CHCl _3+$ alc. $KOH \longrightarrow$
(ii) $C _6 H _5 N_2 Cl + H _3 PO _2+ H _2 O \longrightarrow$
(iii) $C _6 H _5 NH _2+ H _2 SO _4$ (conc.) ⟶
(iv) $C _6 H _5 N_2 Cl + C _2 H _5 OH \longrightarrow$
(v) $C _6 H _5 NH _2+ Br _2(a q) \longrightarrow$
→(i) $C _6 H _5 NH _2+ CHCl _3+$ alc. $KOH \longrightarrow$
(ii) $C _6 H _5 N_2 Cl + H _3 PO _2+ H _2 O \longrightarrow$
(iii) $C _6 H _5 NH _2+ H _2 SO _4$ (conc.) ⟶
(iv) $C _6 H _5 N_2 Cl + C _2 H _5 OH \longrightarrow$
(v) $C _6 H _5 NH _2+ Br _2(a q) \longrightarrow$
Write the $S _{ N } 1$ mechanism of unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction.
→Describe the following with one example in each case :
(i) Analgesic
(ii) Disinfectants
(iii) Antibiotics
(i) Analgesic
(ii) Disinfectants
(iii) Antibiotics
(a). An experiment was carried out in the laboratory, to study depression in freezing point. 1M aqueous solution of Al(NO3)3 and 1 M aqueous solution of glucose were taken. From the given figure identify solution 1 and solution 2. Give a plausible reason for your answer
(b). The osmotic pressure of a solution of cane sugar was found to be 2.46 atm at 300 K. If the solution was diluted five times, calculate the osmotic pressure at the same temperature.
How can the osmotic pressure of the given cane sugar solution be decreased without changing its volume? Give a reason for your answer.
(b). The osmotic pressure of a solution of cane sugar was found to be 2.46 atm at 300 K. If the solution was diluted five times, calculate the osmotic pressure at the same temperature.
How can the osmotic pressure of the given cane sugar solution be decreased without changing its volume? Give a reason for your answer.