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India of Medieval Age — HISTORY STD 11 Arts — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ArtsHISTORYIndia of Medieval Age5 Marks
Question
Provide information on written tools for learning the history of the Middle Ages.
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Answer

Sufficient historical resources are available to study the medieval history of India.
  • There are two types of historical tools. $(1)$ Written tools $(2)$ Graphic tools.
  • The following are the written tools for learning the history of the Middle Ages.
  • The kings, sultans, and emperors of this era gave scholarly patronage. Most of these scholars were historians and thinkers.
  • The writings of these writers contain a detailed account of the then state, society, religion, meaning and social life.
  • Which is extremely useful and supportive for the study of history.
  • "Rajatarangini", written by the court poet of Raja Jai ​​Singh of Kashmir, is the first universally accepted historical text of medieval India.
  • It provides basic information about the history of Kashmir.
"Prithvirajaraso" by Rajkavi scholar Rajkavi Chandbardai is a description of the heroic deeds of Prithviraj Chauhan.
  • This book is written in Hindi language.
  • The biography of the Chalukya king Vikramaditya $VI$ is written in the book "Vikramanka Devacharita".
  • With the advent of Islam in India, sultans and emperors started writing Arabic and Persian texts.
  • The history of Sindh is written in an Arabic history book called "Chachnama".
  • It describes the defeat of Dahir, a Brahmin prince of Sindh, by the Arabs.
  • There is also a detailed description of the situation in Sindh at that time.
  • Historical literature written in Persian is a significant contribution of the Turkish people.
  • The Turks introduced India to historiography and the Arab$-$Iranian tradition.
  • Ziauddin Barni created "Firohshahi on the date".
  • In which there is a detailed description of the kingdom of Khaljivansh.
  • He also wrote a book on the principles of Sultanate rule, entitled "Fatwa a Jahadari".
  • Amir Khushro was a scholarly writer of the time.
  • He was a disciple of the Sufi saint Nizamuddin Olia.
  • His works include five, including "Khazain$-$ul$-$Fattuh" and "Kirat$-$ul$-$Sadayan".
  • It contains details of Alauddin Khalji's rule in "Khazain$-$ul$-$Fattuh" and describes the political, social, economic and cultural situation in India in his works.
  • Some Mughal emperors and members of the royal families were good writers.
  • As a result, many texts were composed during the Mughal rule.
  • The first Mughal emperor Babur wrote his autobiography "Tuzuk Babri" in Turkish, which was translated into Persian as "Babarnam".
  • This book is a realistic description of the situation in India at that time.
  • Humayun's sister Gulbadan Begum wrote a book called "Humayunam".
  • Which describes Humayun's achievements.
  • Jahangir wrote his own autobiography, Tuzuk Jahangiri.
  • At Akbar's court there was a famous historian named Abul Fazl.
  • He wrote it in "Akbarnama" and "Ain$-$e$-$Akbari".
  • It contains detailed information about the reign of Akbar.
  • In addition, these books contain detailed information about the moral standards of the Mughal rulers.
  • These texts are very valuable as historical works.
  • "Darbare Akbari" by Muhammad Hussain Azad is an important historical book.
  • Abdul Hamid Lahori, Khafikhan, Muhammad Kazim and Sujanrai were learned historians of the Mughal era.
  • His texts contain detailed information about the Mughal era.
  • It also contains information on historical texts written by some other historians.
SR NO Historical text Composer Information about the scripture
$1.$ "Tahkik$-$e$-$Hind" Alberuni The original Arabic text Ghaznavi describes the Hind at the time of the invasion.
$2.$ “Taj$-$ul$-$Mashir” Muhammad Hassan Nizami. Description of Iltuntmishkalin Hind from the origina Amir Khushro. Turkish scripture Gori.
$3.$ "Kiran$-$Usaden" / Nuhsipir / "Aashiqui / Khaja Inh Ftooh etc." Amir Khushro. Information on Ghulam, Khalji and Tughlaq dynasty Hind.
$4.$ "Padmavat" Malik Muhammad Jaisi. Alauddin Khalji's invasion of Chittor to capture Rani Padmavati and description of the political situation at that time.
$5.$ "Badshahnama". Abdul Hamid Lahori. Description of Akbar's time.
$6.$ Rukavat$-$e$-$Alamgiri Aurangzeb A description of Aurangzeb's achievements.
$7.$ "Twarikhe Shershahi" Abbas Sarwani A description of the achievements of the monarchy.
$8.$ ‘Shahjahannama’ Inayat Khan and Sajid Khan Description of the reign of Shah Jahan.
$9.$ "Shivbavani" Poet Bhushan The story of Shivaji Maharaj's achievements.
$10.$ "Hamir Raso" and "Hamir Kavya" Sarangdhar About the Rajput Rajputana of Ranthambore.
$11.$ "Mirat$-$e$-$Sikandari" Sikandar Manju Information about the folk life of the Sultanate era.

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