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Unit 4 Ch 2 : Sectors of the Indian Economy — Social Studies STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Social StudiesUnit 4 Ch 2 : Sectors of the Indian Economy4 Marks
Question
Read the text given below and answer the following questions.
Manufacturing industries not only help in modernising agriculture, which forms the backbone of our economy, they also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricultural income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors. Industrial development is a precondition for eradication ofunemployment and poverty from our country. This was the main philosophy behind public sector industries and joint sector ventures in India. It was also aimed at bringing down regional disparities by establishing industries in tribal and backward areas. Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce, and brings in much needed foreign exchange. Countries that transform their raw materials into a wide variety of finished goods of higher value are prosperous. India's prosperity lies in increasing and diversifying its manufacturing industries as quickly as possible. Agriculture and industry are not exclusive of each other. They move hand in hand. For instance, the agro-Industries in India have given a major boost to agriculture by raising its productivity.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:
  1. Manufacturing industries fall in _________ and agriculture in __________.
  1. Primary, secondary sector.
  2. Secondary, tertiary sector.
  3. Primary, tertiary sector.
  4. Secondary, primary sector.
  1. Manufacturing provides job opportunities to reduce dependance on agriculture. Identify which sector the following jobs belong to?
Jobs created or promoted by manufacturing industries
Sector
(A)
Garment production
1.
Primary
(B)
Research and development
2.
Tertiary
(C)
Banking
3.
Secondary
(D)
Banking
4.
Quarternary
  1. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
  2. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
  3. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-2
  4. A-4, B-1, C-4, D-3
  1. Which of the following options does not help in modernising agriculture?
  1. Manufacturing farm equipment.
  2. Providing unskilled labour force.
  3. Supplying fertilizers and pesticides.
  4. Producing tube well pumps and sprinklers.
  1. ln order to attract foreign manufacturing firms, a country needs to develop.
  1. Agrarian facilities.
  2. Cultivable lands.
  3. Media facilities.
  4. Infrastructure facilities.
✓

Answer

(i)
(d)
Secondary, primary sector.
(ii)
(b)
A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
(iii)
(b)
Providing unskilled labour force.
(iv)
(d)
Infrastructure facilities.

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Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
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  1. The utopian vision of French artist Frédéric Sorrieu was.
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Read the text given below and answer the following questions.
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Vehicles
 
Number of Manufacturers (at present)
A
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1
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B
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2
14
C
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D
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4
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Read the given extract and answer the following questions.
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  2. None can exercise unlimited power.
  3. Power of a government reside in one person.
  4. To reduce conflict between social groups.
  1. Which is a prudent reason for power-sharing?
  1. lt reduces the possibility of conflict between communities and ensures the stability of political order.
  2. Power-sharing is the very spirit of democracy.
  3. Both (a) and (b).
  4. None of these.
  1. Which of the following options describes a good democratic system?
  1. Everyone has a voice in the shaping of public policies.
  2. Power to take quick decision and to enforce them.
  3. All powers reside in the person.
  4. Power is shared among central and state governments.
  1. Which of the following is not one of the aspects of federal division of power?
  1. Sharing of powers among central provincial and local governments.
  2. Division of powers involving higher and lower levels of governments.
  3. The Constitution clearly lays down powers of different levels of government.
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  1. 15
  2. 22
  3. 20
  4. 21
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  2. Hindi
  3. Tamil
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  1. 1955
  2. 1965
  3. 1975
  4. 1985
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  1. SH G is a group of people usually belonging to:
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  2. Nearby villages.
  3. One neighbourhood having same social and economic backgrounds.
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  1. What facilities do the members have who are in the same group?
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  3. They are debarred from the group.
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Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:
Power may also be shared among different social groups, such as the religious and linguistic groups. ‘Community government’ in Belgium is a good example of this arrangement. In some countries there are constitutional and legal arrangements whereby socially weaker sections and women are represented in the legislatures and administration. This type of arrangement is meant to give space in the government and administration to diverse social groups who otherwise would feel alienated from the government. This method is used to give minority communities a fair share in power.
  1. Power sharing means:
  1. System of political arrangement in which power is shared between ministers of the government.
  2. System of political arrangement in which power is shared between different organs of the government.
  3. System of political arrangement in which power is shared between different levels of the government.
  4. All of the above.
  1. Which one is not a benefit of Power sharing?
  1. Reduces the possibilities of conflicts between social groups.
  2. Ensures political stability in the long run.
  3. All the political parties get their expected share.
  4. It upholds the spirit of democracy.
  1. Apart from the Central and State Government, there is a third type of government in Belgium called the:
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  3. Union Government.
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Read the case given below and answer the questions that follow:

Groundwater in India

Organised sector covers those enterprises or places of work where the terms of employment are regular and therefore, people have assured work. They are registered by the government and have to follow its rules and regulations which are given in various laws such as the Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Shops and Establishments Act, etc. It is called organised because it has some formal processes and procedures. Some of these people may not be employed by anyone but may work on their own but they too have to register themselves with the government and follow the rules and regulations.
Workers in the organised sector enjoy security of employment. They are expected to work only a fixed number of hours. If they work more, they have to be paid overtime by the employer. They also get several other benefits from the employers. What are these benefits? They get paid leave, payment during holidays, provident fund, gratuity, etc. They are supposed to get medical benefits and, under the laws, the factory manager has to ensure facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment. When they retire, these workers get pensions.
The unorganised sector is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. There are rules and regulations but these are not followed. Jobs here are low-paid and often not regular. There is no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays, leave due to sickness etc. Employment is not secure. People can be asked to leave without any reason. When there is less work, such as during some seasons, some people may be asked to leave. A lot also depends on the whims of the employer. This sector includes a large number of people who are self employed and do small jobs such as selling on the street or doing repair work. Similarly, farmers work on their own and hire labourers as and when they require.
Q.1. Give one example of an activity of an unorganised sector.
Q.2. What is applicable for a worker, who works in an organised sector?
Q.3. Why do people prefer to work in an organised sector?

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