R.H. Whittaker proposed a Five Kingdom Classification. The kingdo… - Vidyadip

Question

R.H. Whittaker proposed a Five Kingdom Classification. The kingdoms defined by him were named Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. The main criteria for classification used by him include cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships. The three-domain system has also been proposed that divides the Kingdom Monera into two domains, leaving the remaining eukaryotic kingdoms in the third domain and there by a six kingdom classification. Earlier classification systems included bacteria, blue-green algae, fungi, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and the angiosperms under 'Plants'. The character that unified this whole kingdom was that all the organisms included had a cell wall in their cells.
Robert H. Whittaker (1969)

i. Observe Robert H. Whittaker (1969) flow chart of classification and mention what type of organisms were included in Kingdom Animalia? (1)
ii. Mention two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. (1)
iii. Linnaeus used which kingdom of classification? State two drawbacks of Linnaeus two kingdom classification. (2)

OR

Is Fungi- Autotrophic (Photosynthetic) and Heterotrophic the correct match? Also, Mention the difference between the walls of fungi and green plants. (2)

✓

Answer

i. All organisms are multicellular, eukaryotes with heterotrophic mode of nutrition.
ii.

Prokaryotic cell	Eukaryotic cell
Genetic material is not enclosed in a nuclear envelope and is present suspended in the cytoplasm in a region called nucleoid.	Genetic material is enclosed within the nucleus by a nuclear envelope and is not present in direct contact with cytoplasm.
Cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan.	Cell wall is made up of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants.
Nucleolus is absent.	Nucleolus is present.

iii. Linnaeus used artificial system kingdom of classification.
• Drawbacks of Linnaeus two kingdom classification:
Linnaeus developed a Two Kingdom system of classification with Plantae and Animalia kingdoms.
• This system did not distinguish between eukaryotes and prokaryotes, unicellular and multicellular organisms, photosynthetic (green algae) and non-photosynthetic (fungi) organisms.

OR

No, Fungi-Autotrophic (Photosynthetic) and Heterotrophic is not correct match. The walls of the fungi were made of chitin, whereas the green plants had a cellulose cell wall.

Need a full question paper?

Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.

Start Generating Free

Explore more

More "Case study (4 Marks)" from MODEL PAPER 8→MODEL PAPER 8 — all question types→BIOLOGY STD 11 Science question papers→Gujarat Board STD 11 Science question papers→Gujarat Board question paper generator→

Similar questions

Structures of the bacterial ribosome have provided a framework for understanding universal mechanisms of protein synthesis. However, the eukaryotic ribosome is much larger than it is in bacteria, and its activity is fundamentally different in many key ways. All ribosomes are composed of two subunits, both of which are built from RNA and protein. Bacterial ribosomes, for example of Escherichia coli, contain a small subunit (SSU) composed of one 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 21 ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) and a large subunit (LSU) containing 5S and 23S rRNAs and 33 rproteins. In contrast to their bacterial counterparts, eukaryotic ribosomes are much larger and more complex, containing additional rRNA in the form of so-called expansion segments (ES) as well as many additional r-proteins and r-protein extensions.

(1).Ribosomes are present in
(a) Eukaryotes only
(b) Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
(c) Prokaryotes only
(d) Eukaryotes, prokaryotes and viruses

(2) In 70S ribosomes, ‘S’ stands for
(a) SI unit (b) Solubility factor (c) Svedberg unit (d) all of these

(3) 80 S ribosomes occur in
(a) Eukaryotic cells of animals
(b) Eukaryotic cells of animals and plants
(c) Both Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells
(d) all of these

(4) Ribosomes are made up of
(a) RNA only (b) RNA and proteins (c) RNA, DNA and proteins (d) Nucleic acids, proteins and lipids

(5) Polysomes are
(a) multiple units of ribosomes
(b) attachment of many ribosomes to a common mRNA
(c) attachment of many mRNA to a common ribosome
(d) lysosomal aggregations

Differentiate between male frog and female frog.

Write any four differences between afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole.

Alex used to go to vegetable market with his grandfather, a retired biology teacher. Grandfather told Alex that brinjal, chillies and tomato belong to the same family of plants and asked him to find out the similarity in these plants. Alex found that it's a large family, commonly called as the ' potato family'. Plants belonging to this family are mostly herbs, shrubs and rarely small trees. Many plants belonging to this family are source of food, spice, medicine, fumigatory, and ornamental.

(1).The name of this family is
(a) Solanaceae (b) Fabaceae (c) Liliaceae (d) Brassica ear.

(2). Fruits of this family are known as
(a) Berry or capsule (b) Legume (c) Endosperm (d) Cotyledon.

(3). Aestivation in calyx and corolla of this family is
(a) Valvate (b) Imbricate (c) Twisted (d) Vexillary.

(4). Stamens of the flowers belonging to this family are mostly attached with petals.This condition is known as
(a) Epipetalous (b) Epiphyllous (c) Polyandrous (d) Monoadelphous

(5). Medicinal plants belonging to this family are
(a) Belladonna, Ashwagandha
(b) Aloe, Asparagus
(c) Tobacco, Petunia
(d) Muliathi, Spice.

Briefly describe any four valves found in the human heart. Make labelled diagram of a cross section of a human heart.

Write the functions of human kidney.

The fungi constitute a unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms. They show a great diversity in morphology and habitat. Fungi are cosmopolitan and occur in air, water, soil, and on animals and plants. They prefer to grow in warm and humid places. Most fungi are heterotrophic and absorb soluble organic matter from dead substrates and hence are called saprophytes. When a fungus reproduces sexually, two haploid hyphae of compatible mating types come together and fuse. In some fungi, the fusion of two haploid cells immediately results in diploid cells (2n). The fungiform fruiting bodies in which reduction division occurs, leading to the formation of haploid spores. Symbionts - in association with algae as lichens and with roots of higher plants as mycorrhiza. Three types of reproduction occur in fungi

i. Observe the given flow chart of reproduction and mention which steps involves in the sexual cycle of fungi. (1)
ii. What is Rhizopus? Also, mention Rhizopus - wheat rush a correct match? (1)
iii. What is Mycorrhiza? And mention its function. (2)

OR

In which form Fungi Stores Food Material? Do fungi have food vacuoles? (2)

→

Differentiate between neural control and hormonal control.

Sarcodines are unicellular/jelly-like protozoa found in fresh or sea water and in moist soil. Their body lacks a periplast. Therefore, they may be naked or covered by a calcareous shell. They usually lack flagella and have temporary protoplasmic outgrowths called pseudopodia. These pseudopodia or false feet help in movement and capturing prey. They include free-living forms such as Amoeba or parasitic forms such as Entamoeba. Zoo flagellates ciliates and I sporozoans are other groups of protozoan protists. They are all unicellular and heterotrophic. They may be holozoic, saprobic or parasitic.

i. Write two lines about flagellated protozoans and also mention some flagellated protozoans. (1)
ii. Observe the given protozoan classification and mention what is the basis of protozoan classification. (1)
iii. Mention some locomotory organs of protozoa. (2)

OR

Which protozoan group has two nuclei, macronucleus, and micronucleus? Mention characteristics of it. (2)

→

Lipids form a heterogeneous group but all are made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen. These are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents like acetone, ether, alcohol etc. The number of oxygen atoms is very small compared to carbon atoms. They need a large amount of oxygen for their oxidation to release energy. They could be simple lipids, compound lipids, and derived lipids. Simple lipids are esters of fatty acid and alcohol. Compound lipids are formed when simple lipids combine with another compounds for example glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoproteins. Derived lipids are of various types and important example being steroids.

(1) Lipids mainly consist of
(a) Carbon only
(b) carbon hydrogen and nitrogen
(c) carbon hydrogen and oxygen
(d) Hydrogen only

(2) Among the given options non-polymeric molecule is
(a) Nucleic acids (b) proteins (c) Lipids (d) polysaccharides

(3) An example of unsaturated fatty acid is
(a) oleic acid (b) stearic acid (c) Linoleic acid (d) both a and c

(4) The number of carbon atoms as compared to oxygen atoms in lipids is
(a) same (b) much less (c) much more (d) none of these.

(5) Steroids are an example of
(a) derived lipids (b) conjugated lipids (c) simple lipids (d) lipo proteins