Question
Settlements are sparse in north-eastern Brazil.

Answer

i. Proper climate, adequate water supply, availability of resources and fertile soil are the reasons for growth of urbanisation in a particular region.
ii' The north-eastern part of Brazilian highlands is a rain-shadow region, due to the escarpment formed by the eastern side of the Highlands.
iii. The region to the north of this area is known as 'Drought Quadrilateral' as it receives very less rainfall. Due to this, it becomes difficult to practice agriculture and so it is not well-developed in this region.
Therefore settlement are sparse in north-eastern Brazil.

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