MCQ
Shape of the molecules is decided by:
- A$\sigma$-bond
- B$\pi$-bond
- CBoth $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonds
- DNeither $\sigma$ nor $\pi$ bond
✓
Answer
- $\sigma$-bond
Explanation:
The reason that $\sigma$ bonds ( and lone pairs) determine the geometry is that they form the basic skeleton of the molecule, $\sigma$ bonds are formed by head-on overlap of atomic orbitals, meaning that they are oriented a long the imaginery axis connecting two atomic nuclei, and hence concentrate electron density in the region directly between the nuclei, $\pi$ bonds, on the other hand, are essentially orthogonal to the $\sigma$ bond skeleton, and are substantially weaker.
Moreover, $\pi$ bonds do not exist in isolation, meaning any $\pi$ bond between two given atoms is always formed secondarily to the $\sigma$ bond between said atoms.
As such, $\pi$ bonds do not alter the basic idealized geometry of a molecule as dictated by $\sigma$ bonding.
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