Significance of Natural selection

Question

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Answer

Natural selection is the main driving force behind the evolution.
Natural selection favours those genetic variations which have better fitness value.
Such organisms are at selective advantage and they produce more offspring than the rest. Such organisms have greater survival and reproductive capacity.
In this way natural selection helps in the evolution of new species.
Natural selection favours differential reproduction of gene and brings about changes in the gene frequency.
Natural selection brings about evolutionary changes.
Natural selection also eliminates the genes carrying harmful mutations. This is called mutation balance in which allele frequency of harmful recessives remain constant generation after generation.

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Column A	Column B
(1) Organism	(a) Large unit with specific climatic zone
(2) Population	(b) Different species in particular area
(3) Community	(c) Same species in a geographical area
(4) Biome	(d) Basic unit of ecological hierarchy

Column A	Column B
(1) Frederick Griffith	(a) Test tube assay
(2) Avery, McCarty and MacLeod	(b) Streptococcus pneumoniae
(3) Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase	(c) E. coli
(4) Meselson and Stahl	(d) Bacteriophages