[ Question Bank ] - 2022 — Science STD 10 — Question

A and B are two pairs of glands that are present in the human endocrine system. The pair A is found only in females, whereas B is present only in males. Glands A make and secrete two hormones C and D, whereas glands B make and secrete only one hormone E. In addition to hormones, Glands A make gametes F, whereas glands B make gametes G.

1. What are the glands A?
2. What are the hormones C and D?
3. What are the glands B? Name the hormone E.
4. What are the gametes F and G?
5. Which event in the life of males and females is associated with the secretion of the hormones C, D and E?

There is a pair of bean-shaped organs P in the human body towards the back, just above the waist. A waste product Q formed by the decomposition of unused proteins in the liver is brought into organ P through blood by an artery R. The numerous tiny filters S present in organ P clean the dirty blood by removing the waste product Q. The clean blood goes into circulation through a vein T. The waste substance Q, other waste salts, and excess water form a yellowish liquid U which goes from organ P into a bag-like structure V through two tubes W. This liquid is then thrown out of the body through a tube X.

1. What is (i) organ P and (ii) waste substance Q?
2. Name (i) artery R, and (ii) vein T.
3. What are tiny filters S known as?
4. Name (i) liquid U, (ii) structure V, (iii) tubes W and (iv) tube X.

Why some of the organs in human body are most valuable?

Write one or two words for each of the following statements/ definitions:

• Each level of food chain where transfer of energy takes place.
• The physical factors like temperature, rainfall, light, soil, air and water of an ecosystem.
• Organisms which depend on the producers for food either directly or indirectly.
• The physical and biological world where we live in.
• Selfcontained unit of living things and their non-living environment needing only sunlight for its functioning.

Explain the statement – ‘We have got this Earth planet on lease from our future generations and not as an ancestral property from our ancestors.’

The partially digested food coming from the stomach of a person enters a long and narrow organ A in his body. The organ A receives the secretion of two glands: liver and pancreas. Liver secretes a greenish - yellow liquid B which is normally stored in the organ C. Pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contains three digestive enzymes D, E and F. The intestinal juice completes the process of digestion of food. The inner wall of organ A has millions of tiny finger - like projections G which help in the rapid absorption of digested food into blood stream. The undigested part of food then passes into wider tube H which absorbs most of the water from undigested food. The last part of tube H called I stores this undigested food (or waste) for some time. The undigested food is then passed out though opening J as faeces in the process known as K.

1. Name the organ A.
2. Name liquid B and organ C.
3. What are the digestive enzymes D, E and F?
4. Name the projections G present on the inner wall of organ A.
5. Name Tube H, Part I, Opening J and Process K.

How can the oil spills of rivers and oceans be cleaned?

An object is placed 10cm from a lens of focal length 5cm. Draw the ray diagrams to show the formation of image if the lens is:

1. Converging, and
2. Diverging.

Write in brief about progressive changes in animal classification?

Remediation is the process of removing dangerous or poisonous substances from the environment, or limiting the effect that they have on it. When any biological organism is used for remediation, it is called bioremediation. When plant species are used for the purpose of remediation, it is called phytoremediation. When any microbes are used then it is named as microbial remediation. The methods of such remediation have helped to clean the environment from toxic effluents, especially sewage and crude oil. Dr. Anand Chakraborty, a scientist of Indian origin, has worked on Pseudomonas aeruginosa which have reduced the crude oil films into carbon dioxide and water.
1.What is the meaning of remediation?
2.What is the difference between phytoremediation and microbial remediation?
3.Which environmental pollutant is mainly removed through bioremediation processes?
4.What is the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
5.Why Dr. Anand Chakraborty’s work phenomenal?