Question
Solve the following linear programming problem graphically:
Minimise Z = 200x + 500y subject to the constraints:
$x + 2 y \geq 10$
$3 x + 4 y \leq 24$
$x \geq 0 , y \geq 0$

Answer

According to the question, the linear constraints
$x + 2 y \geq 10$
$3 x + 4 y \leq 24$
and $x \geq 0 , y \geq 0$
and objective function is Min $(Z) = 200x + 500y.$
Reducing the above inequations into equations
$x + 2y = 10$ ...(i)
$3x + 4y = 24$ ...(ii)
$x = 0, y = 0$ ...(iii)

Equations Point of Intersection
(i) and (ii) x = 4 and y = 3
  $\Rightarrow$ Point is $ (4, 3)$
(i) and (iii) when x = 0 $\Rightarrow$ y = 5
  when y = 0 $\Rightarrow$ x = 10
  $\Rightarrow$ Points are $(0, 5), (10, 0)$
(ii) and (iii) when x = 0 $\Rightarrow$ y = 6
  when y = 0 $\Rightarrow$ x = 8
  $\Rightarrow$ Points are $(0, 6) and (8, 0)$


For $x + 2 y \geq 10$, putting x = 0 and y = 0
$\Rightarrow 0 + 0 \geq 10 \Rightarrow 0 \geq 10$ i.e., Not true
$\Rightarrow$ The shaded region will be away from origin.
Likewise, for $3 x + 4 y \leq 24$, putting x = 0 and y = 0 $\Rightarrow 0 + 0 \leq 24 \Rightarrow 0 \leq 24$ i.e. true
$\Rightarrow$ the shaded region will be toward the origin
Also, we have, $x \geq 0$ and $y \geq 0$, indicates that the shaded part will exist in first quadrant only. Here, feasible region or bounded region will be $ABCA$, having corner points as $A(0,6) B(4, 3)\ and\ C(0, 5)$. For optimal point substituting the value of all-corner points in $Z = 200x + 500y$

Corner points Z
$A (0, 6)$ $3000$
$B (4, 3)$ $2300$ $\to$ Minimum
$C (0, 5)$ $2500$

$\Rightarrow$ The minimum value of ‘Z’ is 2300, exist at B (4, 3). Here point B is known as optimal point and min(Z) as optimal solution.

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