Financial Market — Business Studies STD 12 Commerce — Question

Choice of channels of distribution depends on vaious factors. Explain any four factors which affect the choice of channels of distribution.

XYZ Ltd. Co., manufacturing cosmetics and enjoying a predominant position in the industry has grown in size. Its business was very good till 1991. But after that new liberalized environment has seen the entry of many MNCs in this sector with the result that market share of XYZ has declined. The company followed a very centralised business model with directors and divisional heads making even minor decisions.

1. Which function of management is being indicated here?
2. What dimension of environment is implicit in this case? Indicate by quoting the lines from above para.

Explain by giving any three reasons why decentralisation is important in an organisation.
Or
It refers to systematic effort to delegate all authority to the lowest level except that which can be exercised at central points. Name it and explain its two importance.

What is Laissez-faire Leadership Style? Explain any four characteristics of it.

Explain any five points which highlight the importance of controlling function of management.

What is the meaning of ‘training’? Explain any four needs of training.

'Laxmi Ltd. is an IT company having 1,000 employees. All its employees take things easy and are free to approach any one for minor queries and problems. Because of this the operations of the company are disturbed and its revenue has declined. Everyone is seen talking to each other resulting in inefficiency in its offices. It has also resulted in loss of secrecy and confidential information being leaked out. Explain the measures that the manager should adopt to improve communication system of 'Laxmi Ltd.

Make in India is an initiative launched by the Government of India to encourage national and multinational companies to manufacture their products in India. It focuses on job creation and skill enhancement and is in twenty five sectors of the economy. Under the initiative, brochures on these sectors and a web portal were released. The initiative aims at high quality standards and minimising the impact on the environment. It also seeks to attract foreign capital investment in India.
By quoting lines, identify the various dimensions of business environment being referred to in the paragraph.

Explain ’Marketing Research’, ‘Product Planning’ and ‘Buying and assembling’ as functions of ‘Marketing’.

Explain the following as factors affecting the choice of capital structure:

1. Cash flow position
2. Cost of equity.
3. Floatation costs.
4. Stock-market conditions.