Question
State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. Write two characteristics of the solution which obeys Raoult’s law at all concentrations.
✓
Answer
Rault’s law states that for a solution of volatile liquids, the partial pressure of each component is directly proportional to their mole fraction in solution.
Raoult's Law: According to Raoult's law, for a solution of two volatile liquids, the partial vapour pressure of each component of the solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction present in solution.
$\text{P}_1\alpha\text{ x}_1$
$\Rightarrow\text{P}_1=\text{P}^{0}_1\text{x}_1$
P1 = partial pressure of component 1
x1 = mole fraction of component 1
$\text{P}^0_1$ pure vapour pressure of component 1
Ideal solution obeys Raoult's law at all concentrations. The conditions obeyed are,
Raoult's Law: According to Raoult's law, for a solution of two volatile liquids, the partial vapour pressure of each component of the solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction present in solution.
$\text{P}_1\alpha\text{ x}_1$
$\Rightarrow\text{P}_1=\text{P}^{0}_1\text{x}_1$
P1 = partial pressure of component 1
x1 = mole fraction of component 1
$\text{P}^0_1$ pure vapour pressure of component 1
Ideal solution obeys Raoult's law at all concentrations. The conditions obeyed are,
- $\Delta_{\text{mix}}\text{H}=0$
- $\Delta_{\text{mix}}\text{V}=0$
- They obey rault’s law at all ranges of concentration. I.e. Ptotal = P1 + P2
- Both $\Delta\text{H}$ and $\Delta\text{V}$ are zero for such solutions.
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