Energy — PHYSICS STD 7 — Question

The water in motion in a river or sea has the kinetic energy. The energy possessed by the flowing water is called the hydro energy. The most important use of hydro energy is to produce electricity from it.

Figure shows the principle of a hydroelectric power plant. The flowing water of the river is collected in a dam at a high altitude. The water stored in the dam has potential energy. When water from dam falls on the water turbine, the potential energy of the water stored in dam changes into its kinetic energy and this kinetic energy of water is transferred to the blades of turbine as the kinetic energy which rotates the turbine. As the turbine rotates, it rotates the armature of the generator (or dynamo) to produce electricity.