Question
State the law of independent assortment.

Answer

According to this law the two factors of each character assort or separate out independent of the factors of other characters, at the time of gamete formation and get randomly rearranged in the offsprings, producing both parental and new combinations of characters.

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Key-

  1. Ecology.
  2. Population.
  3. Community.
  4. Ecosystem.
  1. A community plus its physical environment.
  2. Study of the interactions of organisms with each other and with the physical environment.
  3. All populations that are found in a particular area.
  4. All members of the same species that inhabit a particular area.
Answer the following questions with respect to recombinant DNA technology:
i. Why is plasmid considered to be an important tool in rDNA technology? From where can plasmids be isolated? (Any two sources)
ii. Explain the role of ori and selectable marker in a cloning vector.
iii. r-DNA technology cannot proceed without restriction endonuclease. Justify.
When and where are primary oocytes formed in a human female? Trace the development of these oocytes till ovulation (in menstrual cycle). How do gonadotropins influence this developmental process?
Explain the two complexities that are observed in the process of transcription in eukaryotes and not in prokaryotes.
Let us assume in a given plant the genotype symbol “Y” stands for dominant yellow seed colour and “y” for recessive green seed colour; symbol “R” for round seed shape and “r” for wrinkled seeds.
Two homozygous parents (plants) with genotypes “RRYY” and “rryy” are crossed and their F1–generation progeny is then selfed. What shall be the:
  1. Phenotype of F1–progeny.
  2. Genotype of F1–progeny.
  3. Gamete genotypes of F1–progeny.
  4. Phenotypic ratio of F2 population.
  5. Phenotypic ratio of yellow seed to green seed and round seed to wrinkled seed in F2 population.
Give a note on sexually transmitted diseases.
Answer the following questions:
Why is follicular phase in the menstrual cycle also referred as proliferative phase? Explain.
Describe the dihybrid cross carried on Drosophila melanogaster by Morgan and his group. How did they explain linkage, recombination and gene mapping on the basis of their observations?
A person in your colony has recently been diagnosed with AIDS. People/residents in the colony want him to leave the colony for the fear of spread of AIDS.
  1. Write your view on the situation, giving reasons.
  2. List the possible preventive measures that you would suggest to the residents of your locality in a meeting organised by you so that they understand the situation.
  3. Write the symptoms and the causative agent of AIDS.
For selection of recombinants, insertional inactivation of antibiotic marker has been superceded by insertional inactivation of a marker gene coding for a chormogenic substrate. Give reasons.