Reproductive Health — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Some methods to assist infertile couples to have children are:

• Test tube baby programme:

The ova from the wife/ donor (female) and sperms from the husband/ donor (male) are collected and are induced to form zygote under simulated conditions in the laboratory. Then, zygote produced is then transferred into the fallopian tube of a normal female.

• Gamete Intra fallopian transfer (GIFT):

Transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female who cannot produce ova, but can provide suitable environment for fertilisation.

• Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI):

A sperm is directly injected into the ovum.

• Artificial insemination (Al):

The semen collected either from the husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced either into the vagina or into the uterus of the female.