Question
Summarize the central teaching of Jainism.
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Answer
The basic philosophy of the Jainism was already in existence in North India before the birth of Vardhamana, known as Mahavira in 6th c. BCE. Mahavira was preceeded by 23 other tirthankaras.
- The central teachings of Jainism is that the entire world is animated even stones, rocks and water have life. Non injury of living beings, especially to humans, animals, plants and insects.
- This principle of ahimsa; that is emphasised within Jainism, has left its mark on Indian thinking as a whole.
- As per Jaina teachings, the cycle of birth and rebirth is shaped through karma. Asceticism and penance are required to free oneself from the cycle of Karma. This can be achieved only by renouncing the world, therefore monastic existence is a necessary condition of salvation.
- Jaina monks and nuns took five vows to abstain from killing; stealing and lying, to observe celibacy and to abstain from possessing property.
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