Question
Suppose a planet exists whose mass and radius both are half that of the earth. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of this planet will be double? Justify.

Answer

g on earth $=\frac{\text{GMe}}{\text{R}^2}$

$\text{Me}=\frac{\text{Me}}{2}$

$\text{R}=\frac{\text{R}}{2}-\text{R}^2$

$=\Big(\frac{\text{R}}{2}\Big)^2=\frac{\text{R}^2}{4}$

Now,

g of this planet $=\text{G}\frac{\Big(\frac{\text{Me}}{2}\Big)}{\frac{\text{R}^2}{4}}$

$=\frac{(4\text{GMe})}{2\text{R}^2}$

$=\frac{2\text{GMe}}{\text{R}^2}$

$=2(\text{g})$

Thus, the acceleration due to gravity becomes twice.

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