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A Story of Numbers — MATHS STD 8 — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 8MATHSA Story of Numbers4 Marks
Question
Suppose you are using the number system that uses sticks to represent numbers, as in Method 1. Without using either the number names or the numerals of the Hindu number system, give a method for adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing two numbers or two collections of sticks.
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Answer

1. Addition : (i) Take two groups of sticks (say group A and B).
(ii) Put both groups together in a single pile.
(iii) The resulting pile shows the total quantity.
2. Subtraction : (i) Start with the group having more sticks.
(ii) Remove from it the number of sticks in the smaller group by physically taking that many sticks away.
(iii) The remaining sticks in the pile show the difference.
3. Multiplication : (i) Take one group of sticks (say, representing one set).
(ii) Repeat this group the number of times as indicated by the second group (e.g., 4 times).
(iii) Put all repeated groups together in one pile. The final collection shows the product.
4. Division : (i) Start with a pile of sticks (the total quantity).
(ii) Distribute the sticks one by one into equal-sized groups (e.g., for equal sharing).
(iii) The number of sticks in each group is the quotient, and any leftover sticks are the remainder.

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