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Complex Numbers — MATHS STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceMATHSComplex Numbers4 Marks
Question
$\text{x}^4+4\text{x}^3+6\text{x}^2+4\text{x}+9,$ when $\text{x}=-1+\text{i}\sqrt{2}$
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Answer

We have $\text{x}=-1+\text{i}\sqrt{2}$ $\Rightarrow\text{x}+1+\text{i}\sqrt{2}$ $\Rightarrow(\text{x}+1)^2=(\text{i}\sqrt{2})^2$ (squaring both sides) $\Rightarrow\text{x}^2+1+2\text{x}=-2$ $\Rightarrow\text{x}^2+2\text{x}+3=0 \ ...(\text{i})$ Now, $\text{x}^4+4\text{x}^3+6\text{x}^2+4\text{x}+9$ $=\text{x}^2(\text{x}^2+2\text{x}+3)+2\text{x}^3+3\text{x}^2+4\text{x}+9$ $=\text{x}^2\times0+2\text{x}(\text{x}^2+2\text{x}+3)-\text{x}^2-2\text{x}+9$ (using(i)) $=2\text{x}\times0-({\text{x}^2+2\text{x}+3})+3+9$ (using(i) and adding and subtracting 3) $=-0+3+9$ (using(i)) $=12$

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