Medieval Architecture, Cities, Merchants and Craftsmen — Social Science STD 7 — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 7Social ScienceMedieval Architecture, Cities, Merchants and Craftsmen3 Marks
Question
The effects of Urbanization
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Answer
The Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal rule were time of urban revival and development. New cities were established in place of the cities of the Gupta period.
$(1)$ The capitals of the Rajput era were mostly turned into cities. For example. cities like Anhilwad Patan, Champaner, Ahmedabad, Surat, Khambhat, Bharuch were developed.
$(2)$ The best example of urbanization is found in Delhi. From the Rajput period to the Mughal period, Delhi has been developing continuously. In the time of Jahangir and Shah Jahan, Delhi was the capital and a major centre of trade and commerce. Shah Jahan built the Red Fort and expanded Delhi.
$(3)$ Lahore, Jaunpur and Dhaka developed as cities during Mughal period as they came on the way of trade route.
$(4)$ Amritsar was an important urban centre due to the big pilgrimage of Sikhism.
$(5)$ In South India, Devgiri (Daultabad) became a prosperous urban centre connecting North India and South India.
$(6)$ Cities like Pune, Satara, Gwalior and Vadodara, etc. were developed in the Maratha empire.
$(7)$ During the British rule, due to the Trade and Commerce of European companies, Diu, Daman, Goa, Mumbai, Chennai (Madras) Puducherry, Kochi, Chandranagar, Surat, etc. were developed as urban centres.
$(8)$ Hampi, the capital of Vijaynagar, became a major city as it was a major centre of craft industries, trade and commerce.
$(9)$ Surat was a commercial, industrial and international port of India from the sixteenth to seventeenth century. Foreign trade was conducted here and craft industries were developed here. Thus, Surat developed as an city.
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