Molecular Basis of Inheritance — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

1. RNA polymerase

Explanation:

During transcription, RNA polymerase makes a copy of a gene from the DNA to mRNA as needed. During transcription, the DNA site at which RNA polymerase binds is called as a promoter. Transcription commences with one or more sigma factor protein binds to the RNA polymerase holoenzyme, allowing it to bind to promoter DNA. RNA polymerase creates a transcription bubble, which separates the two strands of the DNA helix. This is done by breaking the hydrogen bonds between complementary DNA nucleotides.