MCQ
The immunity obtained after the body has recovered from a disease is:
- AActive immunity
- BPassive immunity
- CBoth A and B
- DInnate immunity
Explanation:
Active immunity, which is naturally acquired, occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease and becomes immune, as a result of the primary immune response. Artificially acquired active immunity can be induced by a vaccine.
Artificially acquired passive immunity is a short-term immunization by the injection of antibodies. Naturally acquired passive immunity occurs during pregnancy in which certain antibodies are passed from the maternal to the fetal bloodstream.
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$(i)$ Bacillus thuringiensis are available in sachets as dried spores which are mixed with kerosine and sprayed on to vulnerable plants
$(ii)$ B. thuringiensis are used to control butterfly caterpillars, but leave other insects unharmed
$(iii) $ The toxin of B. thuringiensis is released in the blood of larvae and the larvae get killed
$(iv)$ By the development of methods of genetic engineering B. thuringiensis toxin genes have been introduced