The main features of mutation theory.

Question

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Answer

Mutations are large, sudden and discontinuous variations in a population.
Changes caused due to mutations are inheritable.
The raw material for organic evolution is provided by mutations.
Mutation can be useful or harmful. Useful mutations are at evolutionary advantage as they are selected by nature.
Accumulation of the useful mutations over a period of time leads to the origin and establishment of new species.
Harmful or non-adaptive mutation may persist or get eliminated by nature.

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Column A (Part of Anatropous ovule)	Column B (Terminology)
(1) Opening at the apex	(a) Hilum
(2) Stalk of the ovule	(b) Integument
(3) Protective covering	(c) Micropyle
(4) Place of attachment of body and stalk	(d) Funiculus