The particles of a medium vibrate about their mean positions whenever a wave travels through that medium. The phase difference between the vibrations of two such particles
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(b) The phase difference between the vibrations of two particles of the medium is given by$:$
$\Delta \phi=\frac{2 \pi}{\lambda} \Delta x$
it is clear that phase difference varies as the path difference between the particles varies, which is the distance, separating the particles.
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