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Electricity — Science STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceElectricity4 Marks
Question
The same resistors are connected in a parallel combination in the circuit.
Image
10. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit?
  A. Less than 1 Ω
  B. 1 Ω
  C. 2 Ω
  D. More than 2 Ω
✓

Answer

10. A. less than 1 Ω

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Read the following and answer any three questions from (i) to (iv).

The spreading of light by the air molecules is called scattering of light. The light having least wavelength scatters more. The sun appears red at sunrise and sunset, appearance of blue sky it is due to the scattering of light. The colour of the scattered light depends on the size of particles. The smaller the molecules in the atmosphere scatter smaller wavelengths of tight. The amount of scattering of light depends on the wavelength of light. When light from sun enters the earth's atmosphere, it gets scattered by the dust particles and air molecules present in the atmosphere. The path of sunlight entering in the dark room through a fine hole is seen because of scattering of the sun light by the dust particles present in its path inside the room.

  1. To an astronaut in a spaceship, What colour of the earth appears?

  2. The colour of sky appears blue, it is due to?
  3. Define scattering of light? also write an example
                               OR.
  4. The danger signs made red in colour, why?
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The table below shows the refractive index of different materials.
WaterKeroseneFlint glassDiamond
Refractive index of the material1.331.441.652.42
The formula for calculating the refractive index (nm) of a material is,
$n_m=\frac{\text { Speef of light in } X}{\text { Speef of light in the medium }}$
8. What does X stand for?
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  1. The figure shows a domestic electric circuit. Study this circuit carefully and list any three errors in the circuit and justify your answer.
  2. Give one difference between the wires used in the element of an electric heater and in a fuse.
  3. List two advantages of parallel connection over series connection.1 image attached.
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The diagram shows how a human eye sees a candle.
Image
1. What is X?
2. Which part of the eye produces maximum refraction of light rays?
A. Lens
B. Pupil
C. Retina
D. Cornea
3. What type of image is formed on the retina?
A. Virtual and inverted
B. Real and inverted
C. Virtual and erect
D. Real and erect
4. What would the size of the image formed on the retina depend on?
A. Age of the person
B. Curvature of the lens
C. ocal length of the lens
D. Distance of the candle from the eyes
5. Which eye is likely to be in the brightest light?
Image
6. Which part of the eye controls the size of the pupil?
7. Presbyopia is a defect in vision.
What is the primary cause of presbyopia?
8. A young person can clearly see nearby objects but not distant objects.
Which of these statements is true for the person?
Circle ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ to mark your responses.
Is this statement correct?Yes or No
His eye lens is not lexible.Yes/No
His eyeballs are elongated.Yes/No
All chromosomes in human cells are found in pairs.Yes/No
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Lenses are objects made of transparent materials such as glass or clear plastic that has curved surfaces. Diverging lenses are thicker at their edges than at their centres and makes light rays passing through them spread out. Converging lenses are thicker in their middle than at this edges and make light rays passing through them focus at a point. These are used in spectacles to help people with poor vision see better. The converging lenses magnify by bending the rays of light that pass through them to meet at a point called focus. Thicker the converging lens is at its centre, the more its magnifies and closer the focus is to the lens.
(i) Ravi uses two lenses $A$ and $B$ of same size and same material as shown. $P _1$ and $P _2$ are the powers of $A$ and B. An object is kept at the same distance from the lens between $F$ and $2 F$ of each lens on the principal axis in turn. Let $I_1$ and $I_2$ be the image formed by two lenses respectively. What is the relation of image distances of both lens?
(ii) Write down the relation between the power of lens of both lenses ?
(iii) Meenakshi uses above two lenses $A$ and $B$ along with another two lenses $C$ and $D$, as shown :

She is able to see the subject matter on the black board while sitting in the front row in the classroom but is unable to see the same matter while sitting in the last row.
Which of the above four lenses will she require to correct the defect in her vision? Why ?
or
(iv) Natasha places an object on the principal axis of above given lens A. One end of this object coincides with the focus $F$ and the other end with $2 F$. What will be the nature of the image formed by the lens on the other side?
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The wire in Figure below is being moved downwards through the magnetic field so as to produce induced current.


What would be the effect of:
  1. Moving the wire at a higher speed?
  2. Moving the wire upwards rather than downwards?
  3. Using a stronger magnet?
  4. Holding the wire still in the magnetic field?
  5. Moving the wire parallel to the magnetic field lines?
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The pictures show four ray diagrams of images formed by concave mirrors.
P is the pole or centre of the relecting surface of the mirror.
F is the focus of the mirror.
C is the centre of curvature of the mirror.
AB is the object and A’B’ is the image of the object.
Image
1. Which of these can be concluded from diagram 1?
A. Image is formed at the focus.
B. Size of the image is equal to the size of the object.
C. Distance between pole and centre of curvature is twice the focal length.
D. Distance between the image and focus is half the distance between the object and focus.
2. Which diagram shows a real, inverted and enlarged image formed by the mirror?
A. Diagram 1
B. Diagram 2
C. Diagram 3
D. Diagram 4
3. In which condition does a concave mirror produce a virtual image?
A. When object is located within the focal length
B. When object is located at the centre of curvature
C. When object is located in between ininity and the centre of curvature
D. When object is located in between the centre of curvature and the focus
4. Solar cookers contain a concave mirror.
How does the concave mirror help in heating the food?
Circle ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ for the correct response.
How does the concave mirror heat the food?Yes or No
Sun’s rays are absorbed by the mirror.Yes/No
Sun’s rays relected by the mirror converge at a point.Yes/No
Sun’s rays diverge out when relected by the mirror.Yes/No
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Use the data in Table 12.2 to answer the following–
  1. Which among iron and mercury is a better conductor?
  2. Which matcrial is the bestconductor?
Electrical resistivity of some substances at 20°C
-MeterialResistivity ($\Omega$m)
ConductorsSilver1.60× 10-8
Copper1.60× 10-8
Aluminium2.63 × 10-8
Tungsten5.20 × 10-8
Nickel6.84 × 10-8
Iron10.0 × 10-8
Chromoium12.9 × 10-8
Mercury94.0 × 10-8
Manganese1.84 × 10-6
Constant (alloy of Cu, Mn and Ni)49× 10-6
AlloysManganin (alloy of Cu, Mn and Ni)44× 10-6
Nichrome (alloy of Ni, Cr, MN and Fe)100 × 10-6
Glass1010- 1014
InsulatorsHard rubber1013 - 1016
Ebonite1015- 1017
Diamond1012- 1013
Paper (dry)1012
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