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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYBiotechnology: Principles and Processes1 Mark
MCQ
The usual source of restriction endonucleases used in gene cloning is from:
  • A
    Fungi
  • ✓
    Bacteria
  • C
    Plants
  • D
    Viruses
✓

Answer

Correct option: B.
Bacteria
Restriction endonucleases are naturally occurring defence mechanism of bacteria to digest any foreign $\text{DNA}$ molecule. Restriction endonucleases recognize specific sequences, mostly $4-6 \ bp,$ in the $\text{DNA}$ and cut it into fragments by breaking the phosphodiester linkage between two successive nucleotides of $\text{DNA}$. As these restriction sites may be present in bacterial $\text{DNA}$ itself, $\text{DNA}$ methylase enzyme carry out methylation of $\text{DNA}$ to protect own $\text{DNA}$ in bacteria from restriction digestion.

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