‘There is a hole in the ozone layer.’ What do you understand by t…

Question

‘There is a hole in the ozone layer.’ What do you understand by this ?

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Answer

The area in Antarctica region with a thin ozone layer is known as ozone hole.
$\text{CFCs} ($chlorofluorocarbons$)$ which $-$ are widely used as refrigerants disturb the balance between the production and degradation of ozone.
Ultraviolet $(UV) $rays and chlorofluorocarbons $\text{(CFCs)}$ release chlorine $(Cl^–)$ ions which act as catalyst in the degradation of ozone layer.
Chloride ions also degrade the ozone layer.
The degradation of ozone layer results in the depletion of ozone causing a hole in the ozone layer.

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Column I (Phenomena)	Column II (Effect)
(1) Eutrophication	(a) Soil erosion
(2) Biomagnification	(b) Prevention of extinction
(3) Conservation	(c) Accumulation of non-biodegradable substance
(4) Deforestation	(d) Death of aquatic ecosystem

Column A	Column B
(1) Frederick Griffith	(a) Test tube assay
(2) Avery, McCarty and MacLeod	(b) Streptococcus pneumoniae
(3) Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase	(c) E. coli
(4) Meselson and Stahl	(d) Bacteriophages

Column I [Contraceptive method]	Column II [Mode of action]
(1) Pill	(a) Prevents sperms reaching cervix
(2) Condom	(b) Prevents implantation
(3) Vasectomy	(c) Prevents ovulation
(4) Copper T	(d) Semen contains no sperms