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Carbon and its Compounds — Science STD 10 — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceCarbon and its Compounds3 Marks
Question
Three organic compounds A, B and C have the following molecular formulae:
$\text{A} \ \ \text{C}_4\text{H}_8\text{O}_2$
$\text{B} \ \ \text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}$
$\text{C} \ \ \text{C}_4\text{H}_8\text{O}$
  1. Which compound contains an alcohol group? Write its name and structural formula.
  2. Which compound contains a carboxyl group? Write its name and structural formula.
  3. Which molecular formula can represent an aldehyde as well as a ketone? Write the names and structural formulae of the aldehyde and ketone represented by this molecular formula.
✓

Answer

  1. The organic compound 'B' comprises an alcohol group. Butanol is the name of the compound, and its formula is $C_4H_9OH.$
$ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\\text{H}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{OH}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \text{H}$
  1. The organic compound 'A' contains a carboxyl group. The name of the acid is butanoic acid, and its formula is $C_3H_7COOH$.
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{||}\\\text{H}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{OH}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}$
  1. Compound 'C' $(C_4H_8O)$, represents the molecular formula of an aldehydes as well as a ketone. The aldehyde represented by this formula is butanal $(C_3H_7CHO)$.
$ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{||}\\\text{H}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Butanal}$ $ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{O} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{||} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\\text{H}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Butanone}$

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