An Imperial Capital: Vijayanagara — History STD 12 Humanities — Question

What do you mean by inscriptions? Why are they important?

State the rules contained in Dharmasutras and Dharmashastras about the idea/ occupation of the four Varnas.

‘‘The leaders of the revolt were the heroes leading the country into battle, rousing the people to righteous indignation against oppressive imperial rule. Heroic poems were written about the valour of the Rani of Jhansi, who, with a sword in one hand and the reins of her horse in the other, fought for the freedom of her motherland. Rani of Jhansi was represented as a masculine figure chasing the enemy, slaying British soldiers and valiantly fighting till her last.’’Read the above passage and highlight the values upheld by the Rani of Jhansi.

Write two problems faced by the new nation.

Read this short inscription and answer:
In the year 33 of the maharaja Huvishka (a Kushana ruler), in the first month of the hot season on the eighth day, a Bodhisatta was set up at Madhuvanaka by the bhikkhuni Dhanavati, the sister’s daughter of the bhikkhuni Buddhamita, who knows the Tipitaka, the female pupil of the bhikkhu Bala, who knows the Tipitaka, together with her father and mother.

1. How did Dhanavati date her inscription?
2. Why do you think she installed an image of the Bodhisatta?
3. Who were the relatives she mentioned?
4. What Buddhist text did she know?
5. From whom did she learn this text?

What was implied by the terms hoe and plough?

What does Bhakti movement mean?

Whose architectural traditions were adopted by the rulers of Vijayanagara?

What were the Al-Biruni's objectives to come India?

What do you know about Tevaram?