Question
Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability of getting:
  1. Same number on both dice.
  2. Different numbers on both dice.

Answer

Two dice are thrown at the same time. [given]
So, total number of possible outcomes = 36
  1. We have, same number on both dice.
So, possible outcomes are (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5) and (6, 6).

$\therefore$ Number of possible outcomes = 6

Now, required probability $=\frac{6}{36}=\frac{1}{6}$
  1. We have, different number on both dice.
So, number of possible outcomes

= 36 - Number of possible outcomes for same number on both dice

= 36 - 6 = 30

$\therefore\ \text{Required probability}=\frac{30}{36}=\frac{5}{6}$

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