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Mean and variance of a random variable — Maths STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceMathsMean and variance of a random variable5 Marks
Question
Two numbers are selected at random (without replacement) from positive integers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Let X denote the larger of the two numbers obtained. Find the mean and variance of the probability distribution of X.
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Answer

We can select two positive in 6 × 5 = 30 different waysP(X = 3) = P(larger number is 3) = {(2, 3), (3, 2)} $=\frac{2}{30}$
P(X = 4) = P(larger number is 4) = {(2, 4), (4, 2), (3, 4), (4, 3)} $=\frac{4}{30}$
P(X = 5) = P(larger number is 5) = {(2, 5), (5, 2), (3, 5), (5, 3), (4, 5), (5, 4)} $=\frac{6}{30}$
P(X = 6) = P(larger number is 6) = {(2, 6), (6, 2), (3, 6), (6, 3), (4, 6), (6, 4), (5, 6), (6, 5)} $=\frac{8}{30}$
P(X = 7) = P(larger number is 7) = {(2, 7), (7, 2), (3, 7), (7, 3), (4, 7), (7, 4), (5, 7), (7, 5), (6, 7), (7, 6)} $=\frac{10}{30}$
Thus, the probability distribution of random variable X is,
$\text{x}_\text{i}$ $\text{p}_\text{i}$ $\text{x}_\text{i}\text{p}_\text{i}$ $\text{x}_\text{i}^2\text{p}_\text{i}$
$3$ $\frac{2}{30}$ $\frac{6}{30}$ $\frac{18}{30}$
$4$ $\frac{4}{30}$ $\frac{16}{30}$ $\frac{64}{30}$
$5$ $\frac{6}{30}$ $\frac{30}{30}$ $\frac{150}{30}$
$6$ $\frac{8}{30}$ $\frac{48}{30}$ $\frac{288}{30}$
$7$ $\frac{10}{30}$ $\frac{70}{30}$ $\frac{490}{30}$
    $\sum\text{x}_\text{i}\text{p}_\text{i}=\frac{17}{3}$ $\sum\text{x}_\text{i}\text{p}_\text{i}^2=\frac{101}{3}$
Mean $=\sum\text{x}_\text{i}\text{p}_\text{i}=\frac{17}{3}$
Variance $=\sum\text{x}_\text{i}\text{p}_\text{i}-\big(\sum\text{x}_\text{i}\text{p}_\text{i}\big)^2=\frac{101}{3}-\Big(\frac{17}{3}\Big)=\frac{14}{9}$

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