Reproductive Health — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question
Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYReproductive Health1 Mark
Question
What are the Assisted Reproductive Techniques practised to help infertile couples? Describe any three techniques.
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Answer
Following are the various Assisted Reproductive Techniques:
$\text{IVF} ($In$-$vitro Fertilisation$)$: In this technique, sperm from the male and ovum and from the female are taken out. They are then allowed to undergo fertilization in the laboratory.
$\text{ET} ($Embryo Transfer$)$: This technique is the next step after $\text{IVF.}$ There are two ways of doing the embryo transfer. Zygote which are up to $8$ blastomeres are transferred to the fallopian tube and this technique is called $\text{ZIFT} ($Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer$).$ Another technique involves transferring blastocyst into the uterus and this is called Intra Uterine Transfer $(\text{IUT}).$
$\text{GIFT} ($Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer$):$ This technique involves transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female who cannot produce one.
$\text{ICSI} ($Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection$):$ This is a highly$-$specialized technique. In this technique, sperm is directly injected into the ovum; in laboratory.
$\text{AI} ($Artificial Insemination$)$: In this technique, the semen collected dither from the husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced either into the vagina or into uterus of the female.
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