What are the characteristics of maximum work? - Vidyadip

Question

What are the characteristics of maximum work?

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Answer

(1) The process is carried out at constant temperature.
(2) During the complete process, driving force is infinitesimally greater than opposing force.
(3) Throughout the process, the system exists in equilibrium with its surroundings.
(4) The work obtained is maximum. This is given by,
$W _{\max }=-2.303 nRT \log _{10} \frac{V_2}{V_1}$
OR
$W _{\max }=-2.303 nRT \log _{10} \frac{P_1}{P_2}$
where $n, P, V$ and $T$ represent number of moles, pressure, volume and temperature respectively.
(5) $\Delta U=0, \Delta H=0$.
(6) The heat absorbed in reversible manner
$Q _{ rev }$, is completely converted into work.
$Q _{\text {rev }}=- W _{\text {max }} \text {. }$
Hence work obtained is maximum.

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