Question
What are the inputs to these machines?
✓
Answer
(i) $\xrightarrow{45} \div 3 \xrightarrow{15} \div 3=5$
Let the unknown number be a.
(a ÷ 3) ÷ 3 = 5
⇒ a ÷ 3 = 5 × 3
⇒ a ÷ 3 = 15
⇒ a = 15 × 3
⇒ a = 45
The unknown number is 45.
(ii) $\xrightarrow{-3}-4 \xrightarrow{-7}-4=-11$
Let the unknown number be b.
(b – 4) – 4 = -11
⇒ b – 4 – 4 = -11
⇒ b – 8 = -11
⇒ b = -11 + 8
⇒ b = -3
The unknown number is -3.
Let the unknown number be a.
(a ÷ 3) ÷ 3 = 5
⇒ a ÷ 3 = 5 × 3
⇒ a ÷ 3 = 15
⇒ a = 15 × 3
⇒ a = 45
The unknown number is 45.
(ii) $\xrightarrow{-3}-4 \xrightarrow{-7}-4=-11$
Let the unknown number be b.
(b – 4) – 4 = -11
⇒ b – 4 – 4 = -11
⇒ b – 8 = -11
⇒ b = -11 + 8
⇒ b = -3
The unknown number is -3.
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